The city of Pekin in Illinois was misnamed due to the misconception that it was located on the opposite side of the world from Beijing, China. In reality, it is situated across from the Indian Ocean.
Modesto
Californians intended to name a new city after San Francisco businessman William Ralston, but he humbly declined the offer, stating that he was not deserving of such an honor. As a result, the city was named Modesto, California in recognition of his modesty.