In a case of Hollywood predicting the future, it appears the theory behind Jurassic Park might be possible.
At least, that’s the case according to a new paper published in National Science Review. The scientists who wrote it suggest that DNA may actually be able to persist for dozens of millions of years – a finding that’s sure to spark as much debate as excitement in the scientific community. If it’s true, new avenues for studying the biology of prehistoric organisms could surely be available (though no one is saying we could or should resurrect dinosaurs anytime soon).
The claims made in the paper are definitely controversial; previous research indicated that DNA only remains stable for around a million years. The discovery of DNA inside a 75-million-year-old baby duck-billed dinosaur called a Hypacrosaurus, though, could upend everything we previously “knew” about ancient DNA.
The specimen, housed at the Museum of the Rockies, revealed some remarkably preserved cells within a section of fossilized cartilage tissue during a routine examination. Researchers isolated the cells, the applied two DNA strains, which bind to fragments of DNA and highlight areas where genetic materials are present.
In the Hypacrosaurus tissue, both of the DNA strains interacted in a pattern consistent with modern cells. That indicates that at least some of the dinosaur’s DNA was preserved, says study author Alida Bailleul,
“I couldn’t believe it, my heart almost stopped beating.
These new exciting results add to the growing evidence that cells and some of their biomolecules can persist in deep-time.
They suggest DNA can preserve for tens of millions of years.”
Of course, only certain conditions will lend themselves to preserving DNA for longer periods of time.
The bones in this particular sample had all become disconnected from each other, suggesting that the organism didn’t end up buried until after it had started to decompose – a set of circumstances the researchers say probably led to the DNA’s preservation.
The report also posits that ancient genetic material is only expected to be found in well-preserved cartilage cells, not bones. Cartilage is less porous than bone, so it lets in less water and microbes that break down material.
What a discovery! Quoting from the abstract: "A histological ground-section from a duck-billed dinosaur nestling (Hypacrosaurus stebingeri) revealed microstructures morphologically consistent with nuclei and chromosomes in cells within calcified cartilage. We hypothesized that this exceptional cellular preservation extended to the molecular level and had molecular features in common with extant avian cartilage. Histochemical and immunological evidence supports in situ preservation of extracellular matrix components found in extant cartilage, including glycosaminoglycans and collagen type II. Furthermore, isolated Hypacrosaurus chondrocytes react positively with two DNA intercalating stains. Specific DNA staining is only observed inside the isolated cells, suggesting endogenous nuclear material survived fossilization. Our data support the hypothesis that calcified cartilage is preserved at the molecular level in this Mesozoic material, and suggest that remnants of once-living chondrocytes, including their DNA, may preserve for millions of years." #paleontology #paleonews #science #evolution #dna #fossils #jurassicpark #dapi #mesozoic #dinosaurs #duckbills #hadrosaurs #hypacrosaurusAmong the arguments sure to follow is a new, continued discussion about how long genetic material can actual persist, and what sort of conditions would make searching for it worth people’s time.
We’ll just have to sit back, wait, and see how long it takes for someone (looking at you John Hammond) to do something stupid with it.
Because you know it will happen eventually.
We’re humans. We can’t help it.
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